abandon
英 [?'b?nd(?)n]
美[?'b?nd?n]
CET4TEM4IELTSGRE考研TOEFLCET6中頻詞核心詞匯
詞態(tài)變化
第三人稱單數(shù):?abandons;過去式:?abandoned;過去分詞:?abandoned;現(xiàn)在分詞:?abandoning;
中文詞源
來自古法語短語 à bandon，由 à（at，to）+ bandon（權(quán)力，管轄權(quán)）組成，字面意思就是“使自己處于……的管轄之下”，常用來表示放棄自己的權(quán)利、獨(dú)立性或應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)。其中法語單詞 bandon（權(quán)力）與英語單詞 ban（禁令）有關(guān)，而 ban 原本指的是封建領(lǐng)主在自己的領(lǐng)地上擁有管轄權(quán)，可以發(fā)布公告，要求或禁止人們做什么。同源詞：ban（禁令），banish（放逐），bandit（強(qiáng)盜、法外之徒），contraband（走私、禁運(yùn)品），banns（ 結(jié)婚預(yù)告）。
英文詞源
- abandon
- abandon: [14] The Old French verb abandoner is the source of abandon. It was based on a bandon, meaning literally ‘under control or jurisdiction’, which was used in the phrase mettre a bandon ‘put someone under someone else’s control’ – hence ‘a(chǎn)bandon them’. The word bandon came, in altered form, from Latin bannum ‘proclamation’, which is circuitously related to English banns ‘proclamation of marriage’ and is an ancestor of contraband.
=> banns, contraband - abandon (v.)
- late 14c., "to give up, surrender (oneself or something), give over utterly; to yield (oneself) utterly (to religion, fornication, etc.)," from Old French abandoner (12c.), from adverbial phrase à bandon "at will, at discretion," from à "at, to" (see ad-) + bandon "power, jurisdiction," from Latin bannum, "proclamation," from a Frankish word related to ban (v.).
Mettre sa forest à bandon was a feudal law phrase in the 13th cent. = mettre sa forêt à permission, i.e. to open it freely to any one for pasture or to cut wood in; hence the later sense of giving up one's rights for a time, letting go, leaving, abandoning. [Auguste Brachet, "An Etymological Dictionary of the French Language," transl. G.W. Kitchin, Oxford, 1878]
Etymologically, the word carries a sense of "put someone under someone else's control." Meaning "to give up absolutely" is from late 14c. Related: Abandoned; abandoning. - abandon (n.)
- "a letting loose, surrender to natural impulses," 1822, from a sense in French abandon (see abandon (v.). Borrowed earlier (c. 1400) from French in a sense "(someone's) control;" and compare Middle English adverbial phrase at abandon, i.e. "recklessly," attested from late 14c.
雙語例句
- 1. The officers and crew prepared to abandon ship in an orderly fashion.
- 全體船員秩序井然地準(zhǔn)備棄船。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. The market might abandon the stock, and knock down its price.
- 市場(chǎng)可能會(huì)拋售該股票，從而令其股價(jià)下跌。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. The scheme's investors, fearful of bankruptcy, decided to abandon the project.
- 因?yàn)閾?dān)心破產(chǎn)，該計(jì)劃的投資者決定放棄這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. Their decision to abandon the trip was made because of financial constraints.
- 他們決定放棄這次出游是因?yàn)樨?cái)力有限。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. Abandon hope all ye who enter here.
- 汝等進(jìn)入此地，須棄絕希望。
來自柯林斯例句