1849, in reference to the doctrine of French anarchist/socialist Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865), from French mutuellisme. In biology, from 1876, from mutual + -ism.
雙語例句
1. The fig - pollinator mutualism system is maintained by the reproductive relationships.
和榕小蜂共生體系是由宿主和共生者之間的生殖配合維系的.
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2. In this paper, a two - species mutualism model system is discussed.
摘要討論了二種群互惠生物數(shù)學模型.
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3. The exchange exemplifies a perfect mutualism.
它們的交易是互利共生的絕妙例子.
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4. The concept of mutualism effect of hybrid control is proposed based on the biologic symbiosis.
借用生物共生概念,提出了協(xié)調控制的互利共生效應概念;復合優(yōu)化和弱勢強化效應.
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5. The mutualism promotes the metabolism of Saccheromyces cerevisiae and its - index number of producing gas.